Shahmukhi punjabi alphabet Shahmukhi (Punjabi: شاہ مُکھی, Gurmukhi: ਸ਼ਾਹਮੁਖੀ, lit. The Shahmukhi script is based on the Perso-Arabic script which is used to write Urdu. It didnot originate specifically as its the same as Farsi and Arabic letters with small changes. Language and Conception; Punjabi Dialects The Punjabi alphabets—Gurmukhi and Shahmukhi—are more than mere writing systems; they represent the cultural and historical evolution of the Punjabi language. Made by: @fafacreate1236 For @aminahsalphabetsongs-qoia Not made for kids! Punjabi in Pakistan is currently more a spoken language as compared to a written or published language. [38] [39] Characters. You will be mostly explained about how to write Punjabi in Shahmukhi. See Punjabi phonology, Gurmukhi, and accurate transliteration system between Gurmukhi and Shahmukhi scripts of Punjabi language which addresses various challenges such as multiple/zero character mappings, missing vowels, different direction of writings, different set of alphabet, and different kind of writing system conventions. It is an abugida; it is thus similar to the Devanagari script. to the Urdu script. It is generally written in Nastaʿlīq hand. txt) or read online for free. Lahore, Rawalpindi, Faislabad, Gujranwala, Sargodha, Sialkot, Jhelum and Gujrat. [10] According to Dhavan, Punjabi began to adopt the script as a "side effect" of uadmin; 02 Jan 2025; Sikh History. The Sikh scripture, the Guru Granth Sahib, Alphabet, Shahmukhi Punjabi; Alphabet ابجدی حروف ; Dead and living languages; Information معلومات ; Is Punjabi a pure Indo-Aryan language or not. Once you are able In India Punjabi is written with the Gurmukhi (ਗੁਰਮੁਖੀ) alphabet, while in Pakistan it is written with a version of Urdu alphabet also known as Shahmukhi (شاہ مکھی). 'from the mouth of the Shah') is a Perso-Arabic alphabet script used historically by Punjabi Muslims (primarily in present-day Pakistani Punjab) to write the Punjabi language. P unjabi is spoken by Punjabis in the Punjab state of India & Pakistan. The name Shahmukhi means "from the King's mouth". It is generally written in Nastaʿlīq hand. The script used for Punjabi in India is Gurmukhi, which is distinct from the Shahmukhi script used in Pakistan. It is also used as the main alphabet to write Pahari–Pothwari in the Pothohar region of Punjab and Azad Kashmir. Already some work in this direction has been About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket Press Copyright Shahmukhi Punjabi is basically the entirety of the Persian script + 6 additional Urdu characters + 9 additional Punjabi characters. The Shahmukhi script is based on the Perso-Arabic script, which is used to write Urdu. [10] According to Dhavan, Punjabi began to adopt the script as a "side effect" of The document teaches the Punjabi alphabet using the Shahmukhi script. The Shahmukhi alphabet was first used by the Sufi poets of the Punjab Punjabi Phonetics پنجابی اصوتیات; Punjabi Prose نثری ادب; Punjabi Qaida- 1 پنجابی قاعدہ; Punjabi Script and Punjabi Language; Punjabi Shahmukh:Script Terms; Punjabi Shahmukhi : Tone گمک; Punjabi Shahmukhi: Vowels حرف علت; Punjabi Story قصّے; Punjabi to Urdu Dictionary ڈکشنری This course teaches you write in Shahmukhi script of Punjabi. Shahmukhi alphabet table in Mehr Nastaliq Saraiki font. However, this form of writing was likely misinterpreted when writing Sikh hymns. In India, Gurmukhi is the script primarily used, developed by Guru Angad Dev Ji, the second Sikh Guru, in the 16th century. Shahmukhi can be called an alphabet; it is really an abjad. Despite the size of the language group, the language is not yet used as a medium of instruction (Rahman). Letters connect to each other in a specific way, making Nastaliq text look very elegant. Vowels (Swar) Gurmukhi and Shahmukhi. For science, music, sport, etc, Europe uses the same vocabulary. The European languages are members of the same family. It is Download scientific diagram | a) Urdu Alphabets [Durani 2008] b) Punjabi Alphabets (Shahmukhi) from publication: Effect of Ghost Character Theory on Arabic Script Based Languages Character Alphabet, Shahmukhi Punjabi; Alphabet ابجدی حروف ; Dead and living languages; Information معلومات ; Is Punjabi a pure Indo-Aryan language or not. It provides illustrations of each letter of the alphabet, including their names and pronunciations. Language and Conception; Punjabi Dialects پنجابی بولیاں; Language and Dialect زبان تے بولی; Language زبان; Lateral sounds in Punjabi پنجابی لام Punjabi Shahmukhi پنجابی شاہ مُکھی Lessons ; Punjabi Poet; Poetry; Proverbs; Punjab; Riddles; Folk Poetry; Vocablary; Prose; × Menu Alphabet Custom & tradition Punjabi Dialects Desi mahene Dictionary Font Forum How to write Information Lessons Punjabi Poet Poetry Proverbs Aqwaal Punjab Riddles Folk Poetry Vocablary Prose Alphabet, Shahmukhi Punjabi; Alphabet ابجدی حروف ; Dead and living languages; Information معلومات ; Is Punjabi a pure Indo-Aryan language or not. 0 License Western Punjabi is based on the Shahmukhi script. It consists of 37 alphabets. In Pakistan, the Punjabi speaking territory spans the east-central districts of Punjab Province, ie. Shahmukhi alphabet (شاہ مکھی) The Shahmukhi alphabet is a version of the Persian alphabet used to write Punjabi in Pakistan. Punjabi → Shahmukhi keyboard. The alphabet includes letters adopted from Arabic, Persian, Alphabet, Shahmukhi Punjabi; Alphabet ابجدی حروف ; Dead and living languages; Information معلومات ; Is Punjabi a pure Indo-Aryan language or not. Punjabi University, Patiala, India-147002. The name of the writing system is translated literally to "from the Shah's mouth" الف بے کی پوری پٹی ۔ Shahmukhi Alphabet, Punjabi Lesson - 1 پنجابی کس طرح لکھی اور پڑھی جاۓ Punjabi Shahmukhi Script, How to read and write مُلتانی - زبان یا بولی Multani or Saraiki: Dialect or Language پنجابی زبان کی مُلتانی بولی The Punjabi alphabet, known as Gurmukhi script, has 41 primary letters used to write the Punjabi language. Shahmukhi Alphabet Name The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Punjabi, specifically Standard Punjabi, pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. Unlike Gurmukhi it is written from right to left like arabic. It consists of 52 alphabets. It came into use in Punjabi Sufi literature, from the 12th century and onwards. There are 36 letters in the Shahmukhi alphabet – the official script and format for writing Punjabi in Pakistan. Lahore, the historic capital city of Punjab Online Gurmukhi keyboard to type a text with the Punjabi characters. The Shahmukhi alphabet was first used by the Sufi poets of the Punjab Punjabi vowels: A speech sound produced by the passage of air through the vocal tract, with relatively little obstruction. Of course, Shahmukhi, and other scripts relating to it, are impure abjads. It is identical to the Urdu alphabet, but contains additional letters representing the Punjabi phonology. The "variant" thing is completely wrong. Like all Arabic-derived alphabets, it is written from right to left. Whereas Gurmukhi is written left to right, Shahmukhi is Punjabi is also spoken as a minority language in several other countries where Punjabi people have emigrated in large numbers, such as the United States, Australia, the United Kingdom, and Canada, where it is the fourth-most Punjabi descended from the Shauraseni language of medieval northern India and became a distinct language during the 11th century. Top left: International Punjabi, [g] sometimes spelled Panjabi, [h] is an Indo-Aryan language native to the Punjab region of Pakistan and India. The languages only differ in their grammar, their Shahmukhi is an Abjad developed from the Perso-Arabic alphabet script, used for the Punjabi language. Saraiki has a 43-letter alphabet which include four letters that are not used in standard Shahmukhi. Punjabi/Panjabi (Pakistan: پنجابی; India: ਪੰਜਾਬੀ) is the language of the Punjab/Panjab regions of Pakistan and India. Language and Conception; Punjabi Dialects Punjabi Shahmukhi: Vowels حرف علت Gurmukhi, Shahmukhi, Punjabi Lasson, الف بے دی پٹی, , punjabi alphabet, پنجاب , pakistan, panjabi,nasal, lateral, sound, لام,نون,ar noon It’s the main style used for writing Urdu and Shahmukhi Punjabi. It is generally written in the Nastaʿlīq calligraphic hand, which is also used for Persian and Urdu. Shahmukhi script is a modified version of the Arabic script's Persian alphabet. Thus, the Western Punjabi language in Pakistan has never had a standardized alphabet. gslehal@gmail. Nasta’liq is just another Learn Western Punjabi with Shahmukhi. Shahmukhi cannot be called an alphabet; it is really an abjad. The alphabet includes letters adopted from Arabic, Persian, Shahmukhi Punjabi is written in Urdu Nastaleeq script with some changes. Language and Conception; Punjabi Dialects پنجابی بولیاں; Language and Dialect زبان تے بولی; Language زبان; Lateral sounds in Punjabi پنجابی لام Shahmukhi's first written work is also Panjabis was first written work which is by Baba Farid Ganjshakar who wrote poetry in Shahmukhi in the 12th Century. Shahmukhi is one of the two standard scripts used for Punjabi, the other being Gurmukhi used In Pakistan, the regional Sindhi language influences the main Punjabi language resulting in dialects such as Majhi, Pothohari, Hindko and Multani. Their separate existence is a myth. Language and Conception; Punjabi Dialects Punjabi Shahmukhi: Vowels حرف علت Sikhs write this language in Gurmukhi, Hindus in Devanagari and Muslims in Urdu script (Punjabi Alphabet - Shahmukhi). The first thing you need to do is to learn and remember these alphabets. The word "gurmukhi" means "of the guru's mouth. It is written from left to right and is used to write the Punjabi language. pdf), Text File (. a modified version of the ALA-LC standard, for Urdu, has been used. Gurmukhi came about in the 16th Century when it was formalized by the second Sikh Guru, Guru Angad. This article The Punjabi alphabet is an alternative way to write Punjabi with the Perso-Arabic script developed and used by Punjabi Language Activists in Punjab. Shahmukhi is written in Arabic script. ابجدی حروف۔ الف بے دی پٹی , Alif Bay Detail,Punjabi Lasson, الف بے دی پٹی, ਪੰਜਾਬੀ ਵਰਣਮਾਲਾ, ਪੰਜਾਬੀ Shahmukhi is the right-to-left abjad-based script developed from the Perso-Arabic alphabet used for the Punjabi language varieties, predominantly in Punjab, Pakistan. I just practiced writing the Gurmukhi alphabet with the Shahmukhi alphabet until I had it memorized, really it's honestly just simple memorisation. It is written from right to left. Gurmukhi is the official script for writing Punjabi language in India. Shahmukhi is written from right to left, while Gurmukhi is written from left to right. To Before the advent of Shahmukhi, writing systems were not popular for the Old Punjabi varieties. Shahmukhi is a Perso-Arabic alphabet used to write the Punjabi language. Western Punjabi Wikipedia (in Shahmukhi script) and Eastern Punjabi Wikipedia (in Gurmukhi script). Letters The Gurmukhī alphabet contains thirty-five base letters (akkhară), traditionally arranged in Alphabet, Shahmukhi Punjabi; Alphabet ابجدی حروف ; Dead and living languages; Information معلومات ; Is Punjabi a pure Indo-Aryan language or not. The writing system is called the Shahmukhi. Shahmukhi script is used in Pakistani Punjab as the The Shahmukhi Script, in essence, is identical to the Urdu script. Sārē insān āzād tē ḥuqūq tē ‘izzat dē liḥāẓ nāl barābar pædā næn. I recommend you to spend your some early days of learning only on recognizing these alphabets. This article is a guide to the Gurmukhi alphabet and the pronunciation of the letters. The first thing you need to do is to learn and remember these alphabets. The Gurmukhi alphabet is used to write the Punjabi language by the Sikhs in North India. Letters representing different sounds in Punjabi. [10] According to Dhavan, Punjabi began to adopt the script as a "side effect" of Alphabet, Shahmukhi Punjabi; Alphabet ابجدی حروف ; Dead and living languages; Information معلومات ; Is Punjabi a pure Indo-Aryan language or not. The Punjabi alphabets, is composed of 10 vowels and 30 consonants. In India Punjabi is written with the Gurmukhi (ਗੁਰਮੁਖੀ) alphabet, while in Pakistan it is written with a version of the Urdu alphabet known as Shahmukhi (شاہ مکھی). [citation needed]The name 'Shahmukhi' is a recent coinage, imitating its counterpart 'Gurmukhi'. Gurmukhi’s phonetic simplicity and religious importance, along with Shahmukhi’s Persian influences and literary significance, are crucial to the preservation and promotion of Shahmukhi (Western Punjabi: شاہ مکھی, Gurmukhi: ਸ਼ਾਹਮੁਖੀ, meaning literally "from the King's mouth") is a Perso-Arabic alphabet used by Muslims in Punjab to write the Punjabi language. Here is a breakdown of the letters in the Gurmukhi script: 1. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4. You also learn to read and speak the written words and sentences in Punjabi language Shahmukhi script system in the process. [16] uadmin; 02 Jan 2025; Punjabi Alphabet. Language and Conception; Punjabi Dialects پنجابی بولیاں; Language and Dialect زبان تے بولی; Language زبان; Lateral sounds in Punjabi پنجابی لام Alphabet, Shahmukhi Punjabi; Alphabet ابجدی حروف ; Dead and living languages; Information معلومات ; Is Punjabi a pure Indo-Aryan language or not. [3] Another difference the Saraiki alphabet has with standard Shahmukhi is the disuse of the already uncommon Lam with tah above which is present in the standard form. Language and Conception; Punjabi Dialects پنجابی بولیاں; Language and Dialect زبان تے بولی; Language زبان; Lateral sounds in Punjabi پنجابی لام Shahmukhi Alphabet - Free download as PDF File (. Shahmukhi uses the alphabets of the Perso-Arabic Urdu script with some extra characters added. It came into use in Punjabi Sufi literature, from the 12th century and onwards. Shahmukhi has been used by Punjabi poets and writers since then . Where Punjabi/Panjabi is primarily spoken. For science, music, sport, etc, The Punjabi Wikipedia (Punjabi: پنجابی وکیپیڈیا ‎ (Shahmukhi alphabet); ਪੰਜਾਬੀ ਵਿਕੀਪੀਡੀਆ (Gurmukhī alphabet)) is the Punjabi language edition of Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. This is the combination of Punjabi language with Arabic script which makes some new characters to write Punjabi properly. . For writing Saraiki, an extended Shahmukhi is used that includes 4 additional letters for the implosive consonants (ٻ, ڄ, ݙ, ڳ). Language and Conception; Punjabi Dialects Lahnda was the only alphabet known for writing Punjabi in Guru Angad Dev Ji’s time. Pakistani Punjabi also has Persian, Central Asian and Arabic vocabulary influences. Punjab Online,Punjabi Lessons, Shahmukhi Punjabi Alphabet, الف بے دی پٹی,اکھر ,Punjabi, Shahmukhi, ਅੱਖਰ ਸ਼ਾਹ ਮੁਖੀ ਪੰਜਾਬੀ,پنجابی,شاہ مکھی ث، ح ،خ ، ذ، ز، ژ، ص، ض، ط، ظ، ع، غ، ف، ق “ حروف پنجابی میں نہیں ہیں لیکن لکھنے میں Sikhs write this language in Gurmukhi, Hindus in Devanagari and Muslims in Urdu script (Punjabi Alphabet - Shahmukhi). The Shahmukhi script is based on Learn Shahmukhi in an easy way. To Gurmukhi, Shahmukhi, Punjabi Lasson, الف بے دی پٹی, , punjabi alphabet, پنجاب , pakistan, panjabi,nasal, lateral, sound, لام,نون,ar noon Alphabet, Shahmukhi Punjabi; Alphabet ابجدی حروف ; Dead and living languages; Information معلومات ; Is Punjabi a pure Indo-Aryan language or not. It is the official script of Indian state of Punjab. An abjad is a script that has letters to represent consonants but not vowels. Shahmukhi (Punjabi: ﯽﮭﮑﻣ ﮦﺎﺷ, meaning literally "from the King's mouth") is a Perso-Arabic alphabet used to write the Punjabi language. This guide focuses on the Gurmukhi script. Like all Arabic-derived alphabets, it is written from right to left. Vowel See more The document teaches the Punjabi alphabet using the Shahmukhi script. Gurmukhi is primarily used in Punjab, India. Script Type: Abugida Shahmukhi (Punjabi: شاہ مکھی, Gurmukhi: ਸ਼ਾਹਮੁਖੀ, meaning literally "from the King's mouth") is a Perso-Arabic alphabet used by Muslims in Punjab to write the Punjabi language. Alphabet, Shahmukhi Punjabi; Alphabet ابجدی حروف ; Dead and living languages; Information معلومات ; Is Punjabi a pure Indo-Aryan language or not. The Shahmukhi alphabet currently used was developed in Pakistan in 2016. Where the distinction between Shahmukhi and Urdu lies is that Shahmukhi is an adaptation of the same alphabet for Punjabi specifically. Shahmukhi alphabet table in As you have already read, Shahmukhi is used to write the Punjabi language by Punjabi speakers in Pakistan. It became commonly used in Pakistani Punjab after Partition, while Shahmukhi (شاہ مُکھی, Gurmukhi: ਸ਼ਾਹਮੁਖੀ, lit. Language and Conception; Punjabi Dialects پنجابی بولیاں; Language and Dialect زبان تے بولی; Language زبان; Lateral sounds in Punjabi پنجابی لام The name for the Perso–Arabic alphabet for the Punjabi language, Shahmukhi, was modeled on the term Gurmukhi. Language and Conception; Punjabi Dialects پنجابی بولیاں; Language and Dialect زبان تے بولی; Language زبان; Lateral sounds in Punjabi پنجابی لام The Punjabi speakers in Pakistan use a version of Urdu alphabet known as Shahmukhi (شاہ مکھی) to write a punjabi language. It is normally written in Nastaʿlīq style and has been used since the 11th century. In India Punjabi is written with the Gurmukhi (ਗੁਰਮੁਖੀ) alphabet, while in Pakistan it is written with a version of Urdu alphabet also known as Shahmukhi (شاہ مکھی). It is generally written in the Nastaʿlīq calligraphic hand, which is also used for Urdu. In Punjabi, there are 15 monophthong (single note - "pure" vowel sound) and 17 diphthong (gliding Alphabet, Shahmukhi Punjabi; Alphabet ابجدی حروف ; Dead and living languages; Information معلومات ; Is Punjabi a pure Indo-Aryan language or not. However, there have been attempts to represent the phonological differences between Urdu and Punjabi through modified consonants, which are mentioned here. Each has a name that is given below the alphabet with the equivalent English sound of the alphabet in (parenthesis). Nastaliq is known for its flowing, diagonal lines. "The second Sikh guru, Angad Dev, emphasized reading scripture daily. Perso-Arabic is one of two scripts used for Punjabi, the other being Gurumukhi. [9] However, the writing of Punjabi in the Perso-Arabic script is well-attested from the 17th century onwards. He developed a Sample text in Punjabi (Gurmukhi alphabet) Sample text in Punjabi (Shahmukhi alphabet) Transliteration. Language and Conception; Punjabi Dialects پنجابی بولیاں; Language and Dialect زبان تے بولی; Before the advent of Shahmukhi, writing systems were not popular for the Old Punjabi varieties. [1] [2] There are two Punjabi Wikipedia editions viz. Oh ‘aqal samajh tē cangē mundē dī pachān tē aḥisās rakhadē ne Plus, Mango Languages is a rare program that teaches you the Western Punjabi Shahmukhi script! Learn Gurmukhī – Punjabi Alphabet Part 01 and Part 02 (videos) Part 01 of this set of videos from Khalsa Junior will Alphabet, Shahmukhi Punjabi; Alphabet ابجدی حروف ; Dead and living languages; Information معلومات ; Is Punjabi a pure Indo-Aryan language or not. For science, music, sport, etc, The European languages are members of the same family. In Pakistan, it is written in a slightly modified version of the Urdu alphabet called Shahmukhi. The Letters representing different sounds in Punjabi. Overview of the Punjabi Gurmukhi Alphabet. It is based on the Shahmukhi script with eight extra letters, and can be used to write all the Shahmukhi is a set of letters used to write the Punjabi language by Punjabi speakers in Pakistan. The Shahmukhi alphabet is used by Western Punjabis to write Punjabi. Learn to write the Punjabi's Shahmukhi alphabet, different shapes of characters in their independent position, initial position, middle and final positions بجد یعنی حروف دی گروہ بندی ۔ ہر زبان دی ابجد وچ شامل حروف نوں ابجدی حروف کِہندے ہَن۔ ابجد وچ کیہڑے حروف شامل کیتے جان , ਪੰਜਾਬੀ ਵਰਣਮਾਲਾ ,ابجدی حروف ,Punjabi Alphabet,letter,ابجدی حروف,پنجابی الف بے دی تختی لپی,Punjabi,Shahmukhi,پنجابی Punjabi alphabet may refer to the: Gurmukhī alphabet, an Indic script; Shahmukhi alphabet, based on the Arabic script This page was last edited on 1 December 2023, at 18:48 (UTC). Here are the 36 letters of Shahmukhi. Lahore, the historic capital city of Punjab Learn Shahmukhi in an easy way. Gurmukhi was created by the 2nd Sikh Guru, Guru Angad Dev in the 16th century, it was modified from the Lahnda scripts, In Pakistan, the regional Sindhi language influences the main Punjabi language resulting in dialects such as Majhi, Pothohari, Hindko and Multani. In India, it is written predominantly in the native Gurmukhi alphabet. You can make it more Shahmukhi to Urdu, Shahmukhi to English Dictionary لسانیات دے اُگھے ماہر تے سِر کڈھویں کھوج کار سردار محمد خاں پہلی جنوری 1915ء نوں بستی دانشمنداں ، ضلع جالندھر وچ پٹھاناں دے اک معزز خاندان وِچ پیدا ہوۓ۔ , Shahmukhi (Punjabi: شاہ مکھی, Gurmukhi: ਸ਼ਾਹਮੁਖੀ, meaning literally "from the King's mouth") is a Perso-Arabic alphabet used by Muslims in Punjab to write the Punjabi language. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters. It is useful for Machine Shahmukhi is a right-to-left script and the shape assumed by a character in a Punjabi, an Indo-Aryan language, is predominantly spoken in the Punjab region of India and Pakistan. com Abstract Transliteration is a process wherein an input string in some alphabet is converted to a string in another alphabet, usually based on the phonetics of the original word. Top left: International It is written from right to left. Punjab Online,Punjabi Lessons, Shahmukhi Punjabi Alphabet, الف بے دی پٹی,اکھر ,Punjabi, Shahmukhi, ਅੱਖਰ ਸ਼ਾਹ ਮੁਖੀ ਪੰਜਾਬੀ,پنجابی,شاہ مکھی ث، ح ،خ ، ذ، ز، ژ، ص، ض، ط، ظ، ع، غ، ف، ق “ حروف پنجابی میں نہیں ہیں لیکن لکھنے میں Before the advent of Shahmukhi, writing systems were not popular for the Old Punjabi varieties. Language and Conception; Punjabi Dialects Gurmukhi is the Sikh language of prayer in which the Guru Granth Sahib is written. It is one of the most widely spoken native languages in the world with approximately 150 million native speakers. As Islam arrived in Punjab and Punjabi became the mainstream Shahmukhi is a set of letters used to write the Punjabi language by Punjabi speakers in Pakistan. The first thing you need to The Shahmukhi alphabet is used by Western Punjabis to write Punjabi. Language and Conception; Punjabi Dialects پنجابی بولیاں; Language and Dialect زبان تے بولی; Language زبان; Lateral sounds in Punjabi پنجابی لام Gurmukhi is a script used for writing Punjabi and is one of two scripts used for writing the Punjabi language, the other being Shahmukhi. 'from the mouth of the Shah') is an Abjad developed from the Perso-Arabic alphabet script, used for the Punjabi language. Language and Conception; Punjabi Dialects پنجابی بولیاں; Language and Dialect زبان تے بولی; Language زبان; Lateral sounds in Punjabi پنجابی لام Punjabi Shahmukhi پنجابی شاہ مُکھی Alphabet, Shahmukhi Punjabi Alphabet, Shahmukhi Punjabi; Alphabet ابجدی حروف ; Dead and living languages; Information معلومات ; Is Punjabi a pure Indo-Aryan language or not. iula miof laxe ycyu uvg jtpqna got ptgnv cxd yxcqqv